Nanotechnology



Nanotechnology is the science of very small things. \"Nano\" means
one-billionth, so nanotechnology deals with materials measured in a billionth of
a meter. A nanometer is 1/80,000 the diameter of a human hair or approximately
ten hydrogen atoms wide. But nanotechnology is not just involved with small
things. Nanotechnology is a multi-discipline science. It includes knowledge from
biology, chemistry, physics and other disciplines.


Meaning of Nanotechnology


Nanotechnology can best be considered as a \'catch-all\' description of
activities at the level of atoms and molecules that have applications in the
real world. Nanotechnology involves the use of man-made materials so small; they
are measured on the scale of a nanometer. The word \"Nano\" is derived from the
Greek word for Dwarf. It means \"a billionth.\" A nanometer is a billionth of a
meter, that is, about 1/80,000 of the diameter of a human hair, or 10 times the
diameter of a hydrogen atom. Nanotechnology has several meanings as it
encompasses many fields.


Nanotechnology derives its name from the nanometer, (10-9 Meter or a billionth
of a meter) & refers to the manipulation of matter at the atomic & molecular
level. The ideas behind it are simple ones: Every substance on earth is made up
of molecules composed of one or more atoms (the smallest particle of element);
to describe the molecule that constitute a physical object & how they
inter-relate is to say nearly everything important about the object. It follows,
then, that if you can manipulate individual atoms & molecules & put them
together in certain configuration, you should be able to create just about
anything you desire.


Nanotechnology, more descriptively known as molecular manufacturing, involves
the design, modeling, fabrication and manipulation of materials and devices at
the atomic scale. It necessitates thorough spatial control of matter at the
level of molecules and atoms, with capabilities to process and rearrange them
into custom designs. Nanotechnology differs from traditional chemical
manufacturing in that the chemical reactions are not left to statistical
movements of molecules in solutions, but instead the molecules are brought into
appropriate positions with appropriate speeds and orientations to cause desired
reactions. Nanotechnology also differs fundamentally from micro-manufacturing of
silicon chips in that the top-down approach and repeated refinement of bulk
materials (e.g. etching silicon) into micro or even Nano-scale designs suffers
from defects inherent in the original bulk material. In contrast,
nanotechnology\'s bottom-up approach will build essentially defect-free
structures
from the atoms up.


Advantages


• By applying Nanotechnology, products can be 5 times as strong, 10 times as
efficient, and millions of times compact -or better. • Products can be designed
in days and can be distributed in hours. • Products can even be Pre-Designed.
While our understanding of Nanotechnology is still crude, the ability to
manipulate matter with molecular precision already seems set to eclipse the
changes wrought by the information age, changes enabled simply by our ability to
manipulate data. These changes will be both incremental and disruptive, and
businesses and governments that ignore this increasing wave of change so at
their peril.

http://www.arizonabiotech.com/